Getu, Emana(Professor)Mulugeta, Solomon2018-07-232023-11-092018-07-232023-11-092015-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/9853is one of the deadly disease caused by four main species of protozoan: P.Vivax P.falciparum, P.ovale and P.malariae. The 5th species P. knowlesi also infect human being occasionally. Malaria is transmitted by female anopheles mosquito. The aim of this study was to assess and analyze the trends of malaria prevalence from 2006 to 2015 G.C. at Atat primary hospital and associated risk factor to malaria infection. For this study data were taken from the hospital registration log book for a period of ten years from 2006 to 2015 G.C. Moreover, data for risk factors were collected from randomly selected households to which structured questionnaires were provided. Among the recorded malaria cases there is no clear trends idea as to which sex is more affected by malaria. In 2006, 2007 and 2011 roughly, 4%, 3%, 5%, , males were, respectively infected by malaria. Conversely in 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 about 3%, 4%,2%, 4%, 1% and 4% females were, respectively infected with malaria. As to which species of Plasmodium dominantly infect heman being in the study hospital in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2013 over 50% of malaria was caused by P. vivax, while in 2012, 2014, 2015 the highest proportion was caused by P. falciparum. Among malaria cases in different age groups, there is no clear trend as it varies from year to year. The highest record of malaria was in October to December followed April- June and the least was from January to March for all years. The prevalence of malaria with regard to sex, and age are statistically insignificant (P>0.05), The prevalence of malaria with seasonal variation is statistically significant P<0.05. Improper utilization of long lasting insecticidal bed nets, insufficient indoor residual spraying, the presence of mosquito breeding area were identified as the associated risk factors. All the above risk factors were found to be significantly associated with the risk of getting malaria parasite (P<0.05). It can be recommended that proper use of net should be practiced by all members of the households and indoor residual spraying should be done regularly. key words: Age, Sex, Malaria Prevalence, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivaxenAgeSexMalaria PrevalencePlasmodium FalciparumPlasmodium VivaxThesis