Mellese Damtie (PHD)Kaleab tilahun2025-08-082025-08-082025-01-01https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6272Protecting environmental and human rights globally necessitates the involvement of the international community, which has established systems to uphold these rights. International instruments require states and stakeholders to implement appropriate measures for this purpose, with managing trans-boundary hazardous waste being a key aspect of environmental responsibility. Ethiopia has undertaken measures for trans-boundary hazardous waste regulation in line with its international obligations. This research examines the actions taken by the Ethiopian government in regulating the trans-boundary movement of hazardous waste. Utilizing a qualitative research design that includes both doctrinal and non-doctrinal legal approaches, the study aims to evaluate how Ethiopian laws align with international standards, identify barriers to implementation, and propose effective compliance strategies. Additionally, it discusses the legal and institutional practices of both national and international communities in managing trans-boundary hazardous waste, while exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with this issue. • Key words: trans-boundary hazardous waste, environmentally sound regulation, Compliance strategies, and human rightsentrans-boundary hazardous wasteenvironmentally sound regulationCompliance strategiesand human rightsThesis