Ali, Ibrahim (PhD)Getu, Yemisrach2018-07-032023-11-062018-07-032023-11-062015-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6042Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common types of bacterial infections in humans occurring both in the community and the health care settings. UTI rank high amongst the most common causes that compel an individual to seek medical attention. HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest public health crisis faced by the global community without a complete cure. UTI represents a considerable health problem amongst HIV infected patients. Objective; to determine the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of bacteria associated with UTI among HIV positive patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in ALERT Center Addis Ababa Ethiopia from September to January 2015 among 165 adult HIV patients. Midstream urine (MSU) was collected from the study participants with sterile wide mouthed urine cups. Urine samples were inoculated in to Blood agar, MacConkey and Cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient and biochemical tests were performed to identify isolates. Drug susceptibility pattern of isolates was determined using the disc diffusion techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version-20 software package. Chi – square (X2) test was used to compare categorical data and to compare associations between proportions. Differences were considered significant when the p-values were < 0.05 at 95% confidences limit. Result: Among the total 165 study participants 114 were females and the remaining 51 were males and the mean of age was 37.9. The overall prevalence of UTI was 15.7. High bacterial isolates were found in asymptomatic study participants than symptomatic HIV positive patients. Among Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli were the leading cause of UTI followed by Gram positive isolates Staphylococci aureus. Most bacterial isolates were resistant to Amp, TE, P and SXT and Gentamicin were susceptible for all isolates. Conclusion: the prevalence of UTI was high, and both Gram-negative and Gram positive organisms were causes of UTIs. In this study the chance of acquiring UTI was higher among females than males. UTI prevalence was also high among study participants those have previous history of catheterization and UTI. E. coli were the most predominant organisms followed by Staphylococci aureus and most of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to Gentamicin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacine, Oxacilin and Nitrofurantion. Multi-drug resistance bacteria were common Key words: Asymptomatic UTI, Symptomatic UTI, urinary tract infection, HIV/AIDS, EthiopiaenAsymptomatic UTISymptomatic UTIUrinary tract infectionHIV/AIDSThesis