Tesfaye Biruk (MscW/yohannes Misrak (MscAlemayehu Terefe2021-12-062023-11-052021-12-062023-11-052021-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/29111Background Infection prevention is one of a central component of safe and quality service provide at the level of health organization. In health care system, globally hundreds of millions people are affected every year by avoidable infections. In sub-Saharan Africa, the rate of nosocomial infection ranges from 2.5 to 30.9% with surgical patients. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess anesthetists knowledge, practices and identify associated risk factors towards infection prevention in Addis Ababa public hospital Methodology: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted with structured pretested, and self administered questionnaires on 220 anesthetists working at hospitals in Addis Ababa. The collected data was checked for its completeness, consistency, and accuracy and entered in EPI INFO7 software and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. The descriptive statistical analysis was used to summarize important independent variables and logistic regression model was fitted for bivariate and multivariable analysis. For the determination of the existence of an association between variables, a 95% confidence level and alpha of 0.05 was used. The odds ratio was used to estimate a measure of effect and to show the strength of association. Result: A total of 220 anesthetists have participated in this study with a response rate of 88%.Out of these 82.7 % (95% of CL: 77.7-87.7) and 48.2% (95% of CL: 41.4-55.4) of respondents were assessed as Knowledgeable and safe practices towards infection prevention respectively. Knowledge towards infection prevention is strongly associated with training on infection prevention, the presence of an infection prevention committee, and the availability of guidelines. Also, the presence of an infection prevention committee, personal protective equipment, and availability of guideline associated with safe practice toward infection prevention. Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that the majority of anesthetists have a good knowledge of infection prevention and nearly half of anesthetists had poor practice towards infection prevention. Hospitals and concerned stack holders should focus on training of infection prevention, and develop infection prevention guidelines related to anesthesia practice, adequate supply of personal protective equipment, and need continuous mentorship by the infection prevention committee.en-USInfection Prevention, knowledge, Practice, Anesthetists, Addis AbabaThesis