Seyoum (PhD), AbrhamHailu, Asnake2019-09-202023-11-182019-09-202023-11-182019-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/19149Though, agro ecologically Ethiopia has high potential for wheat production its average productivity is too low compared to the potential productivity and world’s average yield/ha. This is on the one hand due to low yielding cultivars and serious wheat diseases like rusts, and on the other hand low adoption rate of high yielding and rust disease resistant wheat varieties. The study conducted in Siyadebrina Wayu Woreda with the objectives of identifying the determinants of adoption of HIWV, and wheat productivity and income impacts of the adoption on adopter wheat producers, using cross-sectional data of the production year 2017.153 sample hhs (97 treated and 56 controlled households) has been determined. The study used both primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained from a household survey of 153 farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. About 20 variables considered to influence adoption of improved wheat production technology. These are households’ number of oxen, home-farm distance, farm size, extension contact, age of households’ head, households’ labor size, wheat farming experience, market-home distance, farm fertility, livestock ownership, farm slope, income, source of land ,sex of households’ head , level of education of households’ head ,HHs numbers of plots , access to credit , field participation and memberships in associations. Of which the first seven variables that fit to the model were used for running probit model. Five of these variables (except home-farm distance and age of households’ head) found to be significant at 1% and less than 5% level of significance in determining the probability of adoption. The impact of adoption on wheat productivity and income has been assessed using PSM of probit model. According to PSM result: on average wheat productivity in Q/ha of participant households has been increased by 21.9921 Q/ha – 23.543 Q/ha. Similarly on average income from wheat production of participant households has been increased by 37108.031 - 40769.762 ETB. Generally, overcoming credit market failure and particularly providing credit services to farmers that have fewer oxen and slower rate of adoption; Institutional supports including research and extension services providing to the sector and generating/engendering high yielding varieties that resist wheat diseases and maintain high yielding for a long are recommendations of the study to enhance adoption and productivity and income gains of adoption. Key words: Adoption, Impact, HIWV, Wheat Productivity, Income and probitenAdoption, Impact, HIWV, Wheat Productivity, Income and probitThesis