Tsegaye, Aster (MSc, PhD)Hagos, Afework (MD, Hematologist)Negash, Mikiyas(MSc, PhD candidate)Abebe, Assefa2021-11-012023-11-062021-11-012023-11-062021-05http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/28455Background: Assessment of blood utilization is an important way to minimize unnecessary use of blood and blood components for transfusions so as to effectively manage such scarce resources. However, in Ethiopia the regular assessment of transfusion practice is not performed consistently. Regular audits are necessary to ensure blood and blood products are appropriate and clinical. Objective: To assess blood transfusion utilization , patient outcome and assocaited factors from july 2020 to september 2020 at St, Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methods: the utilization of blood, patient outcomes and associated factors were assessed in this Hospital based cross sectional study at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College from July to September 2020. A standardized data extraction checklist was used to extract data from patient file and from blood bank log book. Transfusion indices werecalculated. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Dependent variable frequencies, percentage, mean and range were calculated. The association between patient improvement and independent variables was examined using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant and Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to determine strength of the association. Result: A total of 352 participants were included in the study. The majority of the patients were female 218 (61.9%). The median and interquartile range [IQR] age of study participant was 30 [20-43] years. For 352 study subjects, 1060 unit of blood components were transfused with the mean of 3.01units per patient. From 1242 cross matched units, 85.3% wereutilized, the rest 14.7% were returned to laboratory stock.Anemia was the commonest indication for transfusion and concentrated red cell was the major component transfused. The study revealed the number of units cross matched/transfused (C|T) ratio of 1.17, Transfusion probability (%T) of 61.3%, and Transfusion index (TI) of 1.84. Only 177(50.3%) of the patients showed improvement. Patients in the age group 1 to 10 years were more than 6 times more likely to improve than those aged under one year’sAOR and 95% CI =6.037[1.205-30.251], p=0.029. Conclusion: The study demonstrated an encouraging rate of transfusion utilization in which 85.3% of cross matched blood is utilized. Transfusion indices,C/T, %T and TI, values were within the acceptable standard. The high rate of non-improvement warrants further investigation.en-USBlood components, Transfusion practices, Transfusion indices, patient outcome.Thesis