Desta, Kassu (MSC,PhD Candidate)Abera, Dessie (MSC)Sherif, Merema2021-11-172023-11-062021-11-172023-11-062021-09http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/28721Background: Neonatal septicemia is the presence of clinically associated bacteria or fungi in the blood of neonate’s .It causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide especially in developing country. Objectives: The study was designed to assess the bacteriological profile, antimicrobial resistance and outcome of neonatal sepsis at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study design was conducted at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College from March 2020 to July 2020 G.C. Socio-demographic and clinical data was collected from each patient. 1-2ml of blood was drawn aseptically and inoculated at bedside on Trypto Soya Broth. Gram stain was performed and subcluturing was done every other day on blood agar, chocolate agar and Mac Conkey agar plates. For species identification, colony characteristics and biochemical tests are used if the culture is positive. All the isolates was tested for susceptibility test by using Kirby-Bauer’s disk diffusion method. Outcome of neonates was assessed using checklists. Data was encoded in to Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software. Results: Among 400 study populations, 84(21%) showed bacterial growth, 67 (79.8%) gram negative and 17 (20.23%) gram positive bacteria. Commonly isolated organisms were Klebsiella spp 37 (44%), E. coli 19 (21.6%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococci 13 (15.47%) were the leading causes of neonatal sepsis in our study. Antibiotic resistance was found in both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin were the most effective antibiotic for gram negative bacteria while for gram positive bacteria Vancomycin, Clindamycin and Ciprofloxacin were effective drugs. Conclusion: Bacterial isolates were not giving response to first and second line antimicrobials that are utilized for the treatment of sepsis in babies who are in the first month of life. Antibiotics in the third line are moderately successful against isolated bacteria. High utilization rate of antibiotics is the most important contributory factor for the development of AMR and continuous surveillance is needed in order to keep national guidelines on antimicrobial therapy updated.en-USSepticemia, Bacteriological profile, Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, Blood cultureThesis