Engidawork, Ephrem (Professor of Pharmacology)Fenta, Theodros2018-12-042023-11-292018-12-042023-11-292018-07http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/14842Baseline Assessment of the Current Practice of Antimicrobial Use and Clinical Outcome in the Management of Patients with Pneumonia Admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Prospective Observational Study Theodros Fenta, Addis Ababa University, 2018 Increasing antimicrobial resistance presents a major threat to public health because it reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. In spite of the need for new drugs to treat resistant infections, a growing number of drug companies are withdrawing from new antibiotic research and development. Therefore, the issue of how we can most effectively utilize these precious resources calls for urgent action. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the current practice of antimicrobial utilization and clinical outcomes in the management of adult pneumonia at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and design a strategy for appropriate intervention. A prospective observational study was conducted on adult patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia admitted to TASH. A data abstraction format incorporating self-administered questionnaire were used to gather information from patient charts and treating physicians. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were used. P-values of <0.05 were regarded as significant. Among the total of 200 patients, 52.0% were males and mean age of the patients was 39.79 (SD±17.76) years. Microbiologically and imaging/radiologically examined patients were 75 (37.5%) and 122 (61.0%), respectively. The treatment approaches in almost all patients (99.5%) were empirical. The most commonly used antimicrobial regimens were Ceftriaxone 1gm BID + Azithromycin 500mg, PO, QD, (30.0%) for community acquired pneumonia and Vancomycin 1gm BID + Piperacillin/tazobactam 4.5gm iv QID, (8.0%) for hospital acquired pneumonia and health care associated pneumonia. The duration of antimicrobial therapy was 12 (SD±5). The clinical outcomes of the patients were stable 133(66.5%), and in-hospital mortality 37 (18.5%). In conclusion, antimicrobials were prescribed empirically without sufficient evidence of indication such as microbiological and radiologic findings.en-USAntimicrobials, Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Pneumonia, Tikur Anbessa Specialized HospitalThesis