Betre, Mulugeta (PhD)Nursien, Ibrahim2018-09-042023-11-052018-09-042023-11-052007-07http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/11860Introduction: Unless patients know their HIV status, they cannot benefit from the available care and treatment options. Therefore, various counseling and testing strategies are needed to identify more HIV infected patients. Objective: This study was conducted in March 2007 to assess acceptability of PIHCT and the factors influencing its uptake among TB patients in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted and 423 TB patients interviewed. A two stage sampling method was used for the selection of study subjects. In the first stage of sampling, six health centers were selected by simple random sampling. In the second stage of sampling, patients were systematically selected in each selected health center. Results: Most of the patients were initiated for HIV testing by their TB treatment supervisor 402(98.5%). Among those who were initiated by their treatment supervisor for HIV testing, 266(66.2%; 95%CI= 61.6-70.8) had under gone HIV testing. Adjusted correlates of acceptability of PIHCT include younger age group (20-24) (AOR=3.0, 95% CI=1.2-8.1), primary education (AOR=2.0, 95% CI=1.04-3.8), secondary and above education (AOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.01-3.7), and recognition that any one should get tested for HIV (AOR=5.5, 95% CI=1.4-21.7). The reported barriers for acceptability of PIHCT include no risk perception for HIV infection 54(40.3%), tested before 53(39.3%), and fear of learning positive result 40 (29.8%) of the study participants. vii Conclusion and Recommendation: The wide spread support, and evidence of high acceptability of PIHCT in this study holds significant promise for the control, prevention and treatment of both HIV/AIDS and TB. Concerted efforts to consolidate, sustain, and scale up PIHCT, however, should be accompanied by intensive IEC on TB /HIV.enAssessmentt of Accepttabiilliitty of Proviider-Iniittiiatted HIV CounselliingThesis