Dr.Al’ferid, Fethiya (Consultant Anesthesiologist)Dr.Birhanu, Tseganesh (Consultant Anesthesiologist)Nurhussen, Asfaw2021-03-072023-11-052021-03-072023-11-052020-11http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/25292Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the common complications after surgery and anesthesia. The prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting may reach 25–30% in ASA 1 and 2 but may reach up to 80% in ASA 3 patients. It affects both adults as well as pediatric age groups. In pediatrics it may reach up to 13-42%which is more common above two years of age and before puberty.Though anesthesia providers use prophylactic anti emetics the incidence is still high. Different risk factors are incriminated for the high prevalence of PONV. It is also major contributing factor for patient discomfort, post-operative morbidity and mortality as well as economic crisis. Objectives: the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and identify associated factors of post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergone elective surgery under anesthesia in Tikur Anbesa Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: a hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on 154 patients operated in Tikur Anbesa Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital on elective basis under both general and regional anesthesia during the study period from august-October 2020 GC. Data was entered using SPSS version 16 cleaned and analyzed. Association between categorical variable was determined using correlation and logistic regression. Odds ratio were calculated on variables to determine the association through binary and multivariable logistic regression done. P value 0.05 or below was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of post-operative nausea and vomiting in this particular study was 44.2% within 24 hrs. post operatively. After multivariable logistic regression, factors that were associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting were history of motion sickness (AOR=0.42, CI [0.19-0.45]), female sex (AOR=2.96, CI [1.34-6.58]), general anesthesia (AOR=0.18, CI [0.074-0.42]), co morbidities (AOR=0.25, CI [0.1-0.6]) and intraoperative hypotension (AOR=0.35, CI [0.14-0.88]). Conclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of post-operative nausea and vomiting was high in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital compared to other African countries and the rest of the world. Therefore it is strongly recommended to develop and use hospital based protocol to treat patients at increased risk of developing post-operative nausea and vomiting.en-USPost-operative Nausea , Vomiting,Surgical Patients,AnesthesiaThesis