Kassa, Getachew(PhD)Mulatu, Endale2018-06-112023-11-182018-06-112023-11-182013-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/285Since the fall of Siad Barre regime in 1991, Somalia has become disintegrated and divided into various fighting warlords. Since then, with the disintegrations of state institutions and structures, the state of Somalia came to an end as functional government. The situations in Somali have invited different interesting groups with different competing goals. Thus, over the last several years, many attempts have been made to establish effective central government in Somalia. All of the efforts were failed from the beginning. Therefore the main objective of this study is to identify the challenges that worked against to reestablish effective functioning central government in Somalia. The study also has tried to explore what types of state building approaches have been conducted and its outcomes. To accomplish this work, the study is based on qualitative research approach. Therefore, it relied on the use of secondary sources, which involve books, Journals, published and unpublished materials, and the internet sources. To consolidate the secondary sources, this study has used primary sources, interviews with relevant persons. The main findings of this study are the internal and external challenges which have prevented state re-building in Somalia. The internal challenges include: legacies of military regime, clan dynamics, radical Islam, un equal treatment of minorities and availability of weapons whereas the external challenges are the international and regional actors who have their own competing interests in Somalia. The study also recommended possible solutions as alternative approaches to the Somali problems. Among these recommendations: the bottom up state building approach, disarmament fighting factions and local people, inclusive peace process, avoiding discrimination are the major onesenRe-Building NationThesis