Dessalegn BerhanuTsegaye Hiwot2018-07-112023-11-062018-07-112023-11-062017-06http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/7823Background: Caesarean section is one of life saving procedures medical intervention attributedto the decrease of the maternal mortality and morbidity rates. The initial purpose of the surgerywas to preserve the life of the mother with obstructed labor, but indications have expanded overthe years to include delivery for a variety of more subtle dangers to the mother or fetus. TheWorld Health Organization (WHO) suggests a cesarean rate between 5% and 15%. However, therate in Addis Ababa city is beyond aforementioned level. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of caesarean section in AddisAbaba Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: Institutional based cross- sectional study was conducted from April10 to May 10,2017 in selected Addis Ababa hospitals. The total sample size was 298. The data was collectedby using structured check list and questionnaire by interviewing women’s who gave birth inselected hospitals and record document was reviewed. Data were entered and analyzed usingSPSS version 20 statistical package. Both binary and multiple logistic regressions were used toassess the association between prevalence and explanatory variables of caesarean. Finally, thedata were described and presented using tables. A 95 % confidence interval and 5% level ofprecision was utilized to check for association between variables. Result: The overall prevalence of CS in Hospitals in Addis Ababa was 38.3%. Private health facilities performed more CSs than public health facilities, 46.9% and 34.0% respectfully. Thecommon indication of Caesarean section in the study area was Previous CS (27.2%) which wasfollowed by NRFHR (21.0%) and post term (15.6%).Factors such as maternal age (AOR 0.47,95%CI (0.278, 0.792), education (AOR 3.456, 95%CI (1.109, 10.764) and gestational age (AOR0.265, 95%CI (0.078, 0.899) were associated factor for CS. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of CS was higher than the WHOrecommendation in the study area. Previous CS and NRFHR were the leading indication in thisstudy. Therefore, encourage trial of vaginal birth after CS in appropriate cases and time given forconservative management of fetal distress rather than rushing to operation theatre with a singleepisode of fetal heart rate abnormality are recommended to decrease caesarean section. key words: prevalence ,caesarean sectionenPrevalence Caesarean sectionThesis