Desta, Kassu (MSc, PhD candidate, Assistant professor)Tadesse, Mengistu (BSc, MSc)Abayineh, Henock2021-02-282023-11-062021-02-282023-11-062018-12http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/25259Background: TB prevention and control practices in many correctional facilities were long needed. Particularly attention needs to be given to screening, identifying persons who are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or who have active TB disease. Objective: This study was done to assess the determinant factors for the prevalence of active pulmonary TB among presumed to be TB individuals with characteristic symptom of TB from Kality High Security Prison and Kilinto Prison Centers. Method: a facility -based cross-sectional study design was used to recruit 218 inmates in Kality High Security and Kilinto Prison Centers, between April 1 and may 31 . Inmates were eligible for the study if they had cough for more than or equal to two weeks during the study period. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum samples were collected from presumed to be TB inmates and examined using sputum GeneXpert and light microscopy. Result: From 218 examined sputum, 11/218 (5.4%) were positive. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 5.04% (11/218) and 2.8% (6/218) as detected by GeneXpert and microscopy, respectively. 5 from Kilinto Remand prison (2.29%) and 7 from Kality High Security (3.21%) had PTB when tested with GeneXpert. From the total of 218 inmates, 92.7 % (202/218) were male where 11 (100%) of the PTB cases were male. In multivariate analysis, Prison home with less than 3 window with (AOR=3.2; 95% CI=0.9-10.31, Alcohol consumption with AOR=0.50; 95% CI=3.7-2.45, having history of TB infection (AOR=5.8; 95% CI=1.73-25.1), Age 18-45 (OR=0.15; 95% CI=0.29-0.89), had significant association with increased odds of being positive for PTB. in this study. RIF’s resistance not detected. Conclusion: 5.4 %PTB point prevalence in this study was twice higher than the national TB (0.211 %) indicated by National TB Indicator survey of 2013. Detected PTB was associated with being young age, availability of window, having TB history and Alcohol consumption was found to be risk factor for PTB. GeneXpert detected more PTB in the sputum sample (more sensitive) than microscopy.en-USPrevalence, Risk Factors, PTB, PrisonThesis