Zewdu, Ashagrie (PhD)Bekele, Tilahun (Assistant Professor)Wondimu, Abenet2018-06-182023-11-092018-06-182023-11-092017-01http://10.90.10.223:4000/handle/123456789/1331Milk is a key contributor to improve nutrition and food security particularly in developing countries; moreover these products are widely consumed by children. Milk has the greatest demonstrated potential for introducing AFM1 into the human diet and the possible presence of AFM1 in milk is turn out to be critical concern of the country. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major carcinogenic compound that may be found in milk and dairy product resulting from ingestion of aflatoxin B1 by dairy animals. This study compare the intensity of Aflatoxin M1 contamination on milk from grazing and non- grazing cows collected from four potential milk source of the country, Debrbrihan, Sululta and Bishoftu and Addis Ababa which is a major market. A total of 21 samples from grazing and non grazing cows were evaluated for their Aflatoxin (AFM1). The main analytical technique implemented for aflatoxin analysis was Immunoaffinity column sample clean-up and Shimadzu High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using fluorescent as a detector. Questionnaire also implemented to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) aspect of the participants. Results revealed that, Aflatoxin level of the milk samples from grazing cows, in sululta Debereberhan and Bishoftu towns were in the range of (0.22-1.02) , (0-4.99) and (0-7.57) respectively. The Aflatoxin level from the non-grazing cows ranged from (14.2- 28.96) Sululta, (3.28-42.87) Debereberhan and (3.21-43.47)in Bishoftu. The milk samples that were collected from Addis Ababa city had ranged from aflatoxin concentration of (2.34-76.07). One way anova results indicate that the mean value of cow’s that were grazing is significantly different (P<0.05) from the milk samples of cow’s that were non-grazing and milk collected from Addis Ababa.KAP results indicated negative relation between knowledge and aflatoxin concentration whereas practice had positive relation. These results suggest that mitigation should focus on type of feed and feed handling. Furthermore comprehensive and well-integrated approach needs to follow the value chain actors to manage aflatoxin risks and to pull aflatoxins out of human food chains. . Key Words: milk,;Aflatoxin; grazing, non grazing; Immunoaffinity column;HPLC; value chainen-USmilk,;Aflatoxin; grazing, non grazing; Immunoaffinity column;HPLC; value chainThesis