Environmental Planning

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Browsing Environmental Planning by Subject "Addis Ababa"

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    Assessing Spatial Distribution, Challenges and Prospects of Urban Agriculture (Vegetable) In Arada Subcity, Addis Ababa; Implications for Sustainability and Spatial Integration
    (Addis Ababa University, 2026-06-01) Loza Teferi; Solomon Benti
    Urban agriculture (UA) has been an important livelihood strategy for thousands of households in Addis Ababa. This study assesses the challenges and sustainability potential of vegetable urban agriculture in Arada Subcity, with implications for spatial integration. For this research, a mixed-methods design was used, combining surveys of 190 urban farmers, 16 key informant interviews, GIS mapping, and case study analysis as it focuses on Woreda 07. The results show that in the inner parts of the urban landscape, vegetable cultivation is highly practiced on structurally insecure lands, which are vacant lots (45%), institutional compounds (29%), and residential compounds (17%), with average plot sizes of just 10 m². Consequently, 83% of farmers lack secure land tenure, facing displacement threats from eviction (51%) and development projects (39%). Regarding gender, women comprise 75% of practitioners; however, they face systematic disadvantages as men are much more likely [8x] to use advanced farming methods (23% vs. 3%) and nearly twice as likely to have secure tenure (26% vs. 14%). Even though UA faces constraints, it still significantly contributes to food security, with 76% of harvest used for household consumption. A quantified case study analysis shows that a 365 m² sized farm can produce from 1,111 to 1,666 kg of vegetables annually, sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of 18–28 people. Given that current UA is spatially fragmented across high-eviction-risk sites (vacant lots and institutional compounds), while corridor development projects proceed regardless, this study concludes that spatial integration must formally recognize and protect existing productive zones rather than displacing them. Accordingly, the proposed framework prioritizes temporary use agreements, tenure arrangements for small plots (≥10 m²), and incorporation of UA into corridor planning, with rooftop agriculture on parking structures as one viable option where applicable. This research demonstrates that transitioning UA from informality to formal spatial integration is essential to realize its multifunctional potential within broader sustainable development goals.
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    Challenges and Opportunities of Urban Green Infrastructures in Inner Sub Cities of Addis Ababa: the case of Lideta and Kirkos Sub Cities
    (EiABC, 2017-09) Kefale Alemaw; Maru Mulugeta
    Urban green infrastructures are essential elements of cities and contribute to the quality of life in numerous ways by maintaining and regulating the environment. However, increased urbanization and development have placed urban green infrastructures under extreme pressure, while unplanned urban growth has resulted in the loss of urban landscape and ecosystems. Among the Urban green infrastructures in Addis Ababa such as Street sides and medians trees, permeable pavements, recreational parks, and river banks have challenges in inner city Areas. This study has assessed Challenges and opportunities of urban green infrastructures in Inner sub Cities of Addis Ababa: the case of Lideta and Kirkos Sub Cities; specifically assessed urban green infrastructures and challenges of recreational parks, Street sides and medians trees, and Cobblestone roads of the study area. Thus, the study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches with case study methodology where questionnaires (majorly close ended), structured open ended interviews, and observation were used as data collection methods and the analysis was done by using SPSS and Arc GIS. The sampling techniques used to do this research were purposive sampling for selection of study cases, nonprobability convenient sampling for collection of data from park users, and Stratified random sampling to collect data about Cobblestone roads. Different challenges of recreational parks were identified such as social, economic, management, technical, physical, and environmental. Furthermore the study has revealed physical, management, technical, and environmental challenges are the challenges of street sides and medians trees, and cobblestone roads in the study areas. On the other hand the study has identified opportunities of UGIs such as UGI proclamations, standards, strategies, policies, and principles among others. Based on the findings of the study it is concluded that urban green infrastructures, in Inner sub Cities of Addis Ababa, faced different challenges including social, physical, economic, environmental, technical and management challenges. Therefore, recommendations are forwarded to address these challenges and bring Sustainable UGI development and management.
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    Evaluation of Addis Ababa Water Supply System Using Integrated Approach
    (EiABC, 2019-06) Getinet Assabu Ewunetu; Hailu Worku
    Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Construction and City Development, Addis Ababa University, 2019. The city of Addis Ababa gets water from Dire, Gefersa, and Legedadi reservoirs as well as miscellaneous boreholes concentrated around Akaki and scattered at both inside outside the city. Previous studies on Addis Ababa’s urban water supply are fragmented focusing on specific issues without presenting the holistic view of the system. In the present study, we assess range of aspects of the city’s water supply system in the past, present and future periods. Data were obtained through a literature review of relevant documents, personal communication, household interviews, and key informant interviews. The time series data were analyzed by stratifying the time periods, water source, and water supply branches. Descriptive statistics and various plots were used to present the most important characteristics of water consumption and production data. Addis Ababa was initially served by springs located at the foot of the Intoto mountain ridge together with a series of hand dug wells. Population growth, improved standard of life, economic diversification, and increased urban dynamics have increased the water demand over the past several decades. This has led to water source diversification (in terms of location and source type) and complex network system (due to hybrid sourcing, increased customer water line connections, pipeline aging, pressure variations related to topographic variations, service reservoirs, pumping and/or booster stations). In 2014/2015, surface and groundwater sources contributed somewhat equally (51% and 49 %, respectively) and supplied about 49 % of the demand with 45% Non-Revenue Water. Nearly half of the water demand of the city is not met. This supply deficit is causing frequent supply interruptions. The utility is supplying water via water trucks for low pressure areas where water does not reach easily. There are also efforts to develop additional groundwater sources at various well fields and develop the Sibilu and Gerbi dams. When all the proposed projects are completed, 971,483m3/d additional water will be added to the existing water supply which will increase the supply by 273%. While efforts to increase water supply are encouraging, demand side management deserves more attention than it is receiving currently. WEAP model simulations have shown significant unmet future demand for the city even with complete implementation of the proposed projects. Households with greater number of supply failures tend to have the least access to drinking water. Similarly, both water quantity and water quality are deteriorating. A good example of water quality problem is the 2017/18 outbreak of cholera incidence. Customers are highly dissatisfied with the current service delivery characterized by long time persistent problems. Unless the water utility takes immediate action to solve these problems, the current situation which is affecting the health and economic status of water customers will exacerbate. In this study, it is identified that the major causes of the lack of adequate water supply in the city are depletion of groundwater sources, huge leakage volume, population growth, construction boom or enhanced economic activity and wasting of water by customer at lower parts of the city. Unless demand side and supply side management measures are enhanced, the gap between supply and unmet demand will resume as is. : Addis Ababa, Water supply, WEAP Model, Urban water management, Water loss