Browsing by Author "Abera Bekele"

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    Harmonizing Indigenous and Scientific Seasonal Drought Forecasting Knowledge for Building Livelihood Resilience: The case of Borana Oromo Pastoral Households’ of Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-09) Abera Bekele; Feyera Senbeta ((PhD, Professor)
    This study examines pastoral households‘ livelihoods resilience capacities with especial insights on the driving role of the seasonal drought forecasting knowledge in livelihood decision making and implementation among the Borana Oromo pastoralists of southern Ethiopia. Thirteen districts of the Boran Zone were grouped into six clusters that consist of Yabello, Teltele, Gomole, Dirre, Moyale and Guchi based on the traditional rangeland resources divisions and the proximate of the area to each other for the purpose of this study. Primary data were collected using households survey, experimental groups, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Historical rainfall data were retrieved from the website of national Aero-Space administration - predition of world energy resources / NASA POWER access project climate data/ and Ethiopian meteorological agency/NMA/. SPI and ANN based analysis methods were used in the actual and in the prediction of the historical seasonal drought forecasting of the study area. PCA based on the variability (%) and factor loadings methods of data analysis were used in the verification of the variation of the resilience process and resilience outcome before and after the severe drought of the 2016/17 in the study area. Regarding qualitative data, this study used thematic based qualitative data analysis techniques. The study findings revealed that the widely used practices of indigenous-based seasonal weather forecasting objects were observable external features of astronomic Moon and Stars in the study area. It was identified that the observation of the Moon and Stars features had been offering sufficient lapse time in a more than/within ahead of a season. This study showed that both astronomic moon and stars based temporal and spatial dimensions of the forecasting were happened in Hagayya dry season (January and February), Ganna (March to May rainfall), Adolessa dry season (June to September) and Hgayya rainfall (October to November) seasons. This indigenous weather forecasting practices are still regularly used in every livelihood decision making process. Similarly, this study identified that, actual/observed and ANN based Ganna and Hagayya seasons SPI 3-months and SPI 6-months prediction value of 1981 – 2021 discovered that Borana Zone rainfall seasons on which communities rely for their entire life supporting systems were/ are drought prone seasons. In the study area, NASA POWER data were more promising in providing actual and predicted seasonal drought modeling when compared with the NMA data. The finding of this study also showed that there were alignments between indigenous and scientific seasonal drought forecasting knowledge in the study area. PCA output value retained the use of indigenous weather knowledge and its multidimensional overall impacts in making the establishment and maintenance of water sources, rangeland management, livestock mobility and social network/support out of 22 resilient preparedness variables. Cattle and sheep were less resilient while goats, camels and rangeland productivity were more resilient to 2016 drought out of 15 resilient outcome capacities. Integrated drought risk management/ knowledge based holistic development approach will sustainably minimize adverse effects of drought in the study area.
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    Influence of Attitude on Mobile Banking Adoption: The Case of Dashen and United Banks in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Abera Bekele; Workneh Kassa
    The aim of this study was to assess the influence of attitude on mobile banking adoption in Ethiopia: the case of Dashen and United banks in Addis Ababa. In so doing, factors influencing attitude toward mobile banking and the influence of attitude and its corresponding strength on intention to adopt mobile banking were assessed. In addition to these primary objectives, assessing the significance of variations in socio-demographic variables on attitude and intention to adopt mobile technology was part of this study. Descriptive and causal research design was employed. Stratified sampling method was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from individuals who subscribed for mobile banking service of Dashen Bank and United Bank i.e. Amole and Hibir respectively. Accordingly, 394 usable questionnaires were obtained and used for further analysis. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the collected data. The collected data were analyzed using central tendency (median), measure of dispersion (standard deviation), independent sample T-test, ANOVA, correlation & regression analysis. Interviews were conducted with subscribers with different mobile banking usage frequency. To develop the models used for analysis, inputs from TAM, ToT, trust and the concept of attitude strength was used. The results of the analysis indicate that among the socio-demographic factors included in this study occupation, mobile banking usage status and usage frequency significantly influence both attitude and intention while monthly income and service provider significantly influence intention only. The regression outputs indicate that the factors that influence attitude toward mobile banking are perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and trust. Similarly, attitude toward success, attitude toward process/learning and attitude strength significantly influence intention to adopt mobile banking while attitude toward failure had an insignificant influence on intention. Based on the findings, the researcher forwarded recommendations to enhance mobile banking adoption. These are improving reliability, awareness creation, emphasize on making mobile banking easier and trustworthy, and creating a situation which necessitates the need to use mobile banking.