In Ethiopia the use of mother tongue as a MOI for formal education widely started with the adoption of the new education and training policy of 1994. Thus, several nationality languages are being used as medium of instruction. Anguak is among these languages. The purpose of this study is to assess the implementation of mother tongue education using Anguak language as a medium of instruction in Gambella Woreda (Gambella Town) and also examining the attitude of teachers, students and society to ward the use of this Anguak language as a medium of instruction and suggest possible solution to the problem. To this end, research employed a survey descriptive research methodology. The study’s sample includes teachers, students, parents and educational and language experts in the town. Data was collected using interview, focus group discussion and observation. Qualitative methods was used to analyze datas. Absence of in service training, the negative attitude of the students, parents and teachers toward using Anguak medium and absence of reference material are among the major findings of this research. Therefore so as to solve the problem of implementing Anguak medium of instruction teacher should receive in service training in Anguak context, Anguak medium reference material should be design, Ethnic and linguistic complexity should take in to consideration by the Regional government and assessment and evaluation should be incorporated into implementation of AMI Anguak policy.