Since the launching of the Primary He~lth Care Program in Ethiopia, 6 717 Community Health Aqents (CHAs) and 6107 Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) have been selected by their local communiti es and trained by the Ministry of Health . Then they were sent back to their respective l ocalities and expected to perform disease pr evention, health promotion and rehabilitation services . In Sidamo F.cministrative Region, 436 CHAs and 632 TEAs have been trained. Out of these , 118 CHAs and 236 TEAs are found in Sidama Awraja (province ). Thus to flnd out hOI'} effectively they are being used 20 peasant associations \vhich have both CHAs and TBAs were studied . Out of the total number of CHAs and TBAs t hat were trained in the r e g ion, only 117 (2 6 . 8% ) of the CHAs and 242 (38 . 3% ) of the TEAs were found working in the entire region. Similarly 34 (28.8%) of the CHAs and 117 ( 49 . 6% ) of the TEAs were found working in Sidama Awra j a . The CHAs who were working, with the exception of Wacho, were found t o have a problem with recording preventive activities performed in their local ities. Over 90% of the TEAs ~}ere not able to identify the most common signs of ous signs of pregnancy. pregnancy and the dangerIn add ition , only two of t he TEAs mentio ned that they \,Jashed their hands before touching the woman during labor. Only one TEA mentioned the importance of sunshine . One stated how she managed a retained placenta and none of them mentioned anything about child spacing . It is therefore, suggested that a strong national policy for training and support for the use of CHAs and TEAs be formulated. viii