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Addis Ababa University Libraries Electronic Thesis and Dissertations: AAU-ETD! >
School of Pharmacy >
Thesis - Toxicology >
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/950
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| Title: | Toxicological Study of Glinus lotoides and Hagenia abyssinica: Traditionally used Taenicidal Herbs in Ethiopia |
| Authors: | Demma, Jemal |
| Advisors: | Dr. Ephrem Engidawork |
| Keywords: | Glinus lotoides
Hagenia abyssinica
Mettere
Kosso
LD50
NOEL
single dose toxicity
repeated dose toxicity |
| Copyright: | 2005 |
| Date Added: | 24-Apr-2008 |
| Publisher: | Addis Ababa University |
| Abstract: | Seeds of Glinus lotoides, Linne (Molluginocea) and flowers of Hagenia abyssinica Gmel,
(Rosaceae) are used traditionally in the treatement of tapeworm infestion in Ethiopia. Previous
studies on anthelmintic activities of both plants have confirmed their traditional claims. However,
their detailed toxicities were not yet conducted. In these studies, single and repeated dose oral
toxicity studies in rats were conducted using methanolic extracts of seeds of Glinus lotoides and
aqueous extracts flowers of Hagenia abyssinica.
Doses of 0, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg of crude extract of Glinus lotoides were employed in single
dose toxicity study while doses of 0. 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg were used in repeated dose
toxicity studies. In the single dose toxicity test, oral administration of 5000 mg/kg of Glinus
lotoides produced mortality in two females and one male on day 4. No significant differences in
body and organ weight between controls and treated animals were observed in survived animals
at both dose levels. Therefore LD50 of the extract might be greater than or equal to 5000 mg/kg.
Moreover, both gross and microscopic examinations of organs did not show detectable
differences between controls and treated animals of both sexes. In repeated dose toxicity studies,
no mortality was observed when these varying doses of the extracts were administered per day for
a period of 28 days. There were no significant differences in the body weight, absolute and
relative organ weights between controls and treated animals of both sexes. Hematological
analysis showed no differences in most parameters examined. In the clinical chemistry analysis,
no significant change occurred. Pathologically, neither gross abnormalities nor
histopathological changes were observed. Therefore, the NOEL could be greater than or equal to
1000 mg/kg in rats and none of the organs are considered target during both single and repeated
studies.
The aqueous flower extracts of Hagenia abyssinica was tested for its single and repeated dose
toxic effect on rats of both sex. Studies at 5000 mg/kg (limit test) and at three dose levels (500,
1000, and 2000 mg/kg) for the main study were conducted orally on 5 rats per sex per dose with
concurrent control receiving distilled water in single dose study. No toxic sings were noted at all
dose levels and there were no significant differences in mean body weights of the treated group
compared to control. Therefore, LD50 of the extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg. In repeated dose
studies, three doses of the extract (350, 750, and 1500 mg/kg) were administered orally to 5 rats
per dose per sex for 28 days and various toxicologic indices tested. Cage side observation, body
weight, biochemical and morphologic pathology observation did not show significant differences
across the group. Therefore, none of the organs have shown to be the target; Hagenia abyssinica
is safe in rats at all doses studied and the NOEL could be greater than or equal to 1500 mg/kg in
rats. |
| Description: | A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of
Addis Ababa University
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Master of
Science Degree in Toxicology |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/950 |
| Appears in: | Thesis - Toxicology
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