http://etd.aau.edu.et:80/dspace/handle/123456789/401 Search the Channel search http://etd.aau.edu.et:80/dspace/simple-search http://etd.aau.edu.et:80/dspace/handle/123456789/3309 Title: GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN CONFLICT ANALYSIS FRAMEWORKS <br/> <br/>Authors: ORIT, IBRAHIM <br/> <br/>Abstract: Conflict affects men and women differently. Although men are direct victims of conflict and war, women and children have been particularly targeted by the war due to their sex, age and most importantly their gender roles and responsibilities in the society. Thus, being the bearers of traditional and cultural roles, women and children’s contribution and concerns have been excluded from conflict prevention efforts. For about a decade now, International organizations such as United Nations, and the African Union adopted key legal instruments that called for women’s participation in conflict prevention and peacebuilding activities. These organizations and other organizations, which have been involved in Conflict Prevention Management and Resolution (CPMR) use Conflict Analysis Frameworks (CAFs) to analyze and assess conflict. However, the author argues that gender considerations in CPMR activities are insufficient and thus women’s participation in conflict prevention and peacebuilding becomes ad hoc, unsystematic, and restricted. This paper, therefore, tried to explore the extent to which the consideration of gender perspectives is left out or included in the formulation of policy and strategies aimed at the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts in CEWARN and AU. The paper uses observation as a main method of the study with a supplication of interviews with both AU and CEWARN staff who is directly dealing with CPMR. Based on the results of the findings, the paper concluded that although CEWARN has made tremendous effort on mainstreaming gender in all its mechanisms from the inception, the momentum some how discarded because of the un availability of a full time gender expert in the office. In a contrary, the AU Continental Early Warning System needs reconsideration of the structure in order to mainstream gender into the Early Warning System from the foundation. Thu, 05 Jul 2012 16:00:06 GMT http://etd.aau.edu.et:80/dspace/handle/123456789/3308 Title: THE ISSA-AFAR CONFLICT IN the POST-1991 ETHIOPIA <br/> <br/>Authors: Mu’uz, Gidey <br/> <br/>Abstract: The Afar and Issa of Ethiopia have long been interlocked in protracted violent conflict since the turn of twenty Centaury to date. The conflict has been involving various causes, actors and impacts at different periods. Changes in the context of conflict have been contributing to the nature and dynamics of the conflict. In addition to the human, material, environmental and social damage engendered by the conflict, the area of the conflict is located in one of the politico-military significant region of the country. Ethio-Djibouti tramp road and rail way line are located at the heart of the epicenter. Moreover, the most economically exploited river in Ethiopia-Awash is also the central foci of the conflict. Transhumance pastoralist mode of the Afar for production is the most dominant livelihood. Followed by agro-pastoralist and production illicit trade (mainly Afars in middle and lower Awash valley) contributes to the economy of the area. The area, except for the Awash basin, is dominantly arid and semi arid, bush land, seasonal rivers, ponds, wells are source of water provision. Environmental degradation and shrinking pastoralist ecosystem has deteriorated the carrying capacity of the area in the face of huge number of cattle. There is vast Small arms and light weapons circulation. However, vast area of huge economic significance has been left as no man’s land that often interface pastoralist in conflicts. Another epicenter of conflict is more than 80 km long Issa occupied territory in side Afar regional state the status of which is not yet determined. Issa penetration in to Afar land often justified by Issa pastoralists as desperate search for resources-matter of survival to which Afar resistance is viewed by Issa as inhuman greed. On the other hand, the Afar side view it as well planned eviction and invasion of strategic Afar land that chased them 180 km long across path and more than 80 km in bird fly. Government intervention has not been more than securing the regular traffic flow from the coast of Djibouti. Until very recent months violence is raging in the area. The conflict involved political, economic, cultural, environmental issues, multitude of actors at various levels. In terms of space the conflict covers wide area extending over more than 230 km long territory in the middle and Awash valley: from Detbahiri, 30km south of Ayisaeta in the Afar region up to the Hiliedegiy planes 40 km south of Awash station. Administratively, the conflict interfaced Shinile zone of Issa-Somali and zone one (Ayisaeta) 4 and zone three of (Awash station) Afar (see the map below). The major contention areas involve the area marked in the map along the Ethio-Djibouti tarmac road. Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:51:25 GMT